Person

Person in United Kingdom

Meaning of Person

The following is an old definition of Person [1]: Persons in law are either natural or artificial. Natural persons are such as the God of nature formed us; artificial persons, such as are created and devised by human laws for the purposes of society and government – corporations or bodies politic, which derive their existence and powers from legislation. In the bankruptcy acts, person included a corporation. In internal revenue laws, includes a partnership, association, company, or corporation, as well as a natural person. In the Revised Statutes, or any act or resolution of Congress passed subsequently to February 35, 1874, the word may extend and be applied to partnerships and corporations, unless the context shows that a more limited sense is intended. A private corporation is included within the prohibition of section one of the Fourteenth Amendment, that no State shall deny to any person the equal protection of the laws. May include a State, or the United States. Includes Indians, within habeas corpus and intercourse acts. In a statute, includes women, unless the context clearly shows an intention to limit it to men.0 In short, while ” any person or persons ” comprehends every human being, the terms will be limited to the class or classes in the mind of the legislature. While a natural person may do any act which he is not prohibited by law from doing, an artificial person can do none which the charter giving it existence does not expressly or by fair inference authorize.1 ” Injuries to the person ” import hurt to the body, physical injuries; as, in a civil damage law.2 Offenses against the person are: homicide, mayhem, rape, robbery, buggery, battery, wounding, false imprisonment, kidnaping, abduction. 3 The rights of persons are those which concern and are annexed to the persons of men; and they are either absolute or relative. See Right.Person, fictitious. See Decoy; Forgery. Persons in public employment. See Libel, 5. See also Arrest; Bail; Body; Citizen; Expose; Identity; Individual; Inspection; Jurisdiction; Name, 1. Personal. Pertaining to the person; belonging to an individual person; individual: as, personal or a personal – action, asset, baggage, chattel, contract, covenant, credit, demand, disability, estate, goods, injury, knowledge, liability, liberty, note, performance, property, representative, security, service, servitude, tax. Referring to some subjects – as, an action, asset, chattel, estate, property – ” personal ” means simply movable, transitory: that which may follow the person of the owner or defendant. Again, referring to some subjects – as, an action, contract or covenant, defendant, injury, privilege, security, service, tax – “personal ” is contrasted with real, or that which concerns real estate. See those substantives. Personalty. Personal property, see, in this resource, the term Personate. To assume the character of another without authority and do something to his or a third person’s detriment. Known as “false personation,” whicli is a misdemeanor both at common law and, generally, by statute. In England, since 1874, to personate any person or his heir, executor, etc., with intent to claim succession to property, or falsely to claim relationship to any family, is a felony, punishable with penal servitude for life. There may be a false personation of an ofScer for the purpose of maldng a pretended arrest, or collecting fines, taxes, or other alleged dues. Falsely personating any person under the provisions of the naturalization laws, or any person holding a claim against the government, are criminal offenses. See Chinese, p. 177, sec. 7; Pretense, False.

Resources

Notes and References

  1. Concept of Person provided by the Anderson Dictionary of Law (1889) (Dictionary of Law consisting of Judicial Definitions and Explanations of Words, Phrases and Maxims and an Exposition of the Principles of Law: Comprising a Dictionary and Compendium of American and English Jurisprudence; William C. Anderson; T. H. Flood and Company, Law Publishers, Chicago, United States)

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